This study aimed to identify the proteins that are differentially expressed in sera of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients, and normal controls by using a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) assay. Serum samples were collected from the 3 groups, and total proteins were isolated and quantified by using the Bradford assay. The 2-DE and silver staining were carried out, and the Image Master 2D Platinum 5.0 software was used to analyze the images. Differentially expressed protein spots were removed from the gel and digested by enzymolysis and high-definition tandem mass spectrometry, and the MASCOT online software was applied to identify the proteins. Three differentially expressed proteins were identified: immunoglobulin (Ig) lambda chain, keratin 83, and haptoglobin (Hp2); the Ig lambda chain was only found in MS patients
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