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Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Antioxidant, Phytochemical and Antibacterial Screening of N-Hexane Extracts of Punica granatum, A Medicinal Plant

Author(s): M. Sharif, F. Ansari, A. Malik, Q. Ali, Z. Hasan and N.U.H. Khan

Pomegranate is a fruit bearing plant belonging to Lythraceae; in botanic language it is called Punica granatum. It is been considered as a traditional medicine for the cure of many diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity and phytochemicals present qualitatively present in different parts of Pomegranate plant and to investigate antioxidant activity. Cold maceration process was used on seed, flower, stem and leaves of Pomegranate plant in N-hexane solvent. Antibacterial effect of pomegranate plant and their antibacterial effect on antibiotic drugs were evaluated by n-hexane extract against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibacterial effects were determined by using disc and well diffusion method. The 25 mg extract of Pomegranate showed more zone of inhibition against as Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi and in 50 mg extract of AN-03 shows best zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Comparatively 25 mg/1 ml DMSO and 50 mg/1 ml DMSO showed equal and none results. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of phytochemicals present in n-hexane extracts. DDPH radical scavenging activity assay revealed the distinguished antioxidant activity of Pomegranate plant in n-hexane. Experimental results of Punica granatum extract possessed good antimicrobial Genetics and Molecular Research 19 (4): gmr16039989 M. Sharif, et al. Genetics and Molecular Research 19 (4): gmr16039989 activity. Punica granatum plant contains secondary metabolites phenol, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, terpenes. The results of FT-IR analysis of the present study spectrum revealed the functional constituents such as alkanes, alkynes, amines, alcohol, alkenes, aldehyde and ketone, carboxylic acid, ketone etc. were present in the crude powder of Punica granatum. It has commercial interest in both research institutes and pharmaceuticals industries, also for the treatment of different diseases. Peel and leave extracts are considered as the most promising candidate for use as natural products based antioxidants for the health of human being.